Reactive arthritis, also known as Reiter’s syndrome, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that occurs in response to an infection. It is considered an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues instead of the invading infection. This results in inflammation of the joints, which can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling.
In the case of reactive arthritis, it is usually caused by a bacterial infection in the gastrointestinal tract, such as food poisoning, or a sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. The bacteria triggers an immune response, which causes the body to mistakenly attack its own tissues. This results in inflammation of the joints, which is what causes the symptoms of reactive arthritis.
Reactive arthritis is also associated with other conditions, such as eye inflammation, skin rashes, and inflammation of the urinary tract. The symptoms of reactive arthritis can vary from person to person, but typically include pain and swelling in the joints, particularly in the knees, ankles, and feet. Other symptoms may include fatigue, fever, and weight loss.
The exact cause of reactive arthritis is still unclear, but it is believed to be linked to genetic and environmental factors. Treatment for reactive arthritis usually includes medications to reduce inflammation and pain, as well as physical therapy to help strengthen the muscles and improve range of motion. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged tissues.