Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic, inflammatory liver disease that occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy liver cells. It is characterized by elevated levels of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody.
IgM Levels in Autoimmune Hepatitis
IgM is an antibody that is produced by the body’s immune system in response to infection or other foreign substances. IgM levels are normally low in healthy individuals, but can become elevated in certain illnesses, including autoimmune hepatitis. Elevated IgM levels can be an indicator of active inflammation or infection in the body, as well as an indication of an autoimmune response.
In autoimmune hepatitis, the elevated IgM levels are usually due to the production of autoantibodies, which are antibodies that attack the body’s own tissues. These autoantibodies can target the liver cells, leading to inflammation and damage. In addition, IgM can also be elevated due to the presence of other antibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA), which are commonly found in AIH.
Diagnosis and Treatment
The diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is usually based on a combination of laboratory tests, imaging studies, and a patient’s medical history. A physical exam may also be performed to look for signs of liver disease, such as jaundice or abdominal pain.
If autoimmune hepatitis is suspected, a doctor may order a series of blood tests to measure levels of IgM and other autoantibodies. Elevated IgM levels can help confirm the diagnosis of AIH, as well as indicate the severity of the disease.
Treatment for autoimmune hepatitis typically involves medications, such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, to reduce inflammation and suppress the body’s immune system. A healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can also help to reduce symptoms and manage the disease.
