Bone cancer is a rare type of cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, only 2,000 to 3,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with bone cancer each year. Bone cancer can occur in any bone in the body, but it is most common in the long bones of the arms and legs. There are several types of bone cancer, and the severity and treatment depend on the type.
Types of Bone Cancer
Bone cancer is classified by the type of cell it originates from. The most common type of bone cancer is osteosarcoma, which starts from the cells that make up the bone. Other types of bone cancer include chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of bone cancer is unknown, but certain factors can increase the risk. People with certain inherited conditions, such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome or retinoblastoma, are more likely to develop bone cancer. Other risk factors include radiation exposure and certain chemotherapy treatments.
Symptoms of Bone Cancer
The most common symptom of bone cancer is a pain or aching in the affected area. Other symptoms may include swelling, redness, and tenderness. In some cases, the bone may feel weaker or fracture more easily.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Bone cancer is typically diagnosed with a combination of imaging tests and biopsies. Treatment usually involves surgery to remove the cancerous tissue, followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In some cases, a combination of medication and physical therapy may be used.
Outlook
The outlook for bone cancer depends on the type, stage, and location of the cancer. Generally, the sooner the cancer is diagnosed and treated, the better the outcome.