Yes, ALD (Adrenoleukodystrophy) is a real, genetic, neurological disease caused by an abnormal accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in the brain, spinal cord, and adrenal glands. It is a rare disorder that affects mostly males.
The gene responsible for ALD is located on the X chromosome, so it is an X-linked disease. Males with the mutated gene are much more likely to develop the disease than females, who usually only have a milder form of the condition known as adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN).
ALD is typically diagnosed in early childhood, although it can be diagnosed at any age. Symptoms of ALD can vary widely, but they typically include progressive vision loss, learning disabilities, and behavioral problems. As the disease progresses, it can lead to seizures, balance problems, paralysis, and even death.
There is no cure for ALD, but treatments are available to help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These treatments include dietary changes, vitamin supplements, enzyme replacement therapy, and stem cell transplants.