Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder caused by the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) in the body. This condition is typically caused by a benign tumor of the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain. The pituitary tumor secretes an excess of GH, which causes an increase in the size of the bones in the hands, feet, and face.
The most common symptom of acromegaly is an enlargement of the hands, feet, and face. Other symptoms may include an increased size of the jaw, thickening of the skin, excessive sweating, fatigue, headaches, vision problems, and joint pain. If left untreated, complications may occur such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and an increased risk of certain types of cancer.
Diagnosing acromegaly involves a blood test that measures the level of GH and IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) in the body. Imaging tests may also be used to identify a pituitary tumor. Treatment for acromegaly typically involves a combination of surgery, medication, and radiation therapy. Surgery is typically the first line of treatment and is used to remove the tumor. Medication may also be prescribed to block the production of GH. Radiation therapy may be used to shrink the tumor and reduce the production of GH.
In conclusion, acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder caused by a pituitary tumor. The tumor secretes an excess of GH, which causes an increase in the size of the bones in the hands, feet, and face. Diagnosis typically involves a blood test and imaging tests to identify the tumor. Treatment involves a combination of surgery, medication, and radiation therapy.