Definition of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontal disease, characterized by inflammation and destruction of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. It usually presents as a slowly progressive condition, often with no symptoms. Aggressive periodontitis, on the other hand, is a more severe form of periodontal disease, characterized by rapid destruction of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. It is often associated with pain and swelling, and is typically seen in younger individuals.
Causes of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
Chronic periodontitis is usually caused by poor oral hygiene, such as inadequate brushing and flossing, which allows plaque and bacteria to accumulate on the teeth. It is also associated with certain risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes. Aggressive periodontitis is thought to be an immune-mediated response to certain types of bacteria. It is also associated with genetic factors, such as certain types of HLA antigens.
Signs and Symptoms of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
The signs and symptoms of chronic periodontitis include red, swollen gums, bleeding gums, receding gums, bad breath, and loosening of the teeth. Aggressive periodontitis presents with similar symptoms, but typically at a more rapid rate. In addition, aggressive periodontitis is often associated with pain and swelling of the gums.
Diagnosis of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
Chronic and aggressive periodontitis are both diagnosed based on clinical examination and radiographic evaluation. The presence of certain signs and symptoms, such as red, swollen gums and receding gums, can help in the diagnosis. Radiographs can be used to identify any destruction of the periodontal ligament or alveolar bone, which is often seen in aggressive periodontitis.
Treatment of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
The treatment of chronic periodontitis is focused on controlling plaque and bacterial accumulation on the teeth. This can be done through a combination of professional cleaning, daily brushing and flossing, and the use of antimicrobial mouth rinses. Aggressive periodontitis may require more aggressive measures, such as scaling and root planing, periodontal surgery, or the use of antimicrobial medications.