Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer. It is generally considered to be less serious than melanoma, but can still be life-threatening if it is not treated quickly and properly. It is important for people to be aware of the signs and symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer and to seek medical advice if they have any concerns.
Causes of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
The most common causes of non-melanoma skin cancer are exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, and long-term exposure to certain chemicals, such as arsenic or industrial oils. People with fair skin, light eyes, and blond or red hair are particularly at risk, as are people who have had severe sunburns in the past or who have a history of skin cancer in their family.
Symptoms of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
The most common symptom of non-melanoma skin cancer is a spot or sore that does not heal. These spots may be raised or flat, and may be red, white, or a combination of these colors. Other signs and symptoms include a lump or bump that may be itchy or painful; a sore that bleeds, oozes, or crusts; or a patch of skin that becomes scaly or feels thick and hard.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Non-melanoma skin cancer can usually be diagnosed with a biopsy. During this procedure, a small sample of the suspicious area is taken and analyzed in a laboratory. Depending on the type and extent of the cancer, treatment may include topical medications, cryosurgery (freezing the cancer cells), photodynamic therapy (using light to kill cancer cells), or surgery.
Prevention of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
The best way to prevent non-melanoma skin cancer is to protect yourself from UV radiation. This includes wearing sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding tanning beds. It is also important to do regular self-exams so you can check for any suspicious spots or changes in your skin.