Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum, is a common viral illness that usually affects children. In most cases, the disease is mild and causes only a rash on the face. However, it can occasionally cause more serious complications in adults. In this article, we will look at the symptoms, causes, and treatments of fifth disease, as well as the risk of complications.
Symptoms of Fifth Disease
The most common symptom of fifth disease is a rash on the cheeks. This rash is usually bright red and looks like a "slapped" cheek. It may also appear on the neck, chest, back, arms, and legs. Other symptoms include fever, sore throat, headache, and fatigue. In some cases, the rash may appear on the palms and soles of the feet.
Causes of Fifth Disease
Fifth disease is caused by a virus called parvovirus B19. This virus is spread through contact with an infected person's saliva, mucus, or respiratory secretions. It can also be spread through contact with contaminated objects, such as toys.
Risk Factors for Fifth Disease
Fifth disease is most common in children between the ages of 5 and 15. It is also more common in the winter and spring months.
Complications of Fifth Disease
Although most cases of fifth disease are mild, adults may be at risk of complications. This includes anemia, arthritis, and an infection of the heart muscle (myocarditis). Pregnant women may also be at risk of complications, including miscarriage and birth defects.
Treatment of Fifth Disease
Most cases of fifth disease are mild and do not require treatment. However, if a person is at risk of complications, they may be prescribed medications to reduce the risk.
Prevention of Fifth Disease
The best way to prevent fifth disease is to practice good hygiene. This includes washing your hands regularly and avoiding contact with people who are ill. It is also important to avoid sharing items such as toys and utensils.