ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a rare neurological disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It is estimated that about 5,000 to 6,000 people in the United States have ALS, making it a rare disease. Worldwide, the estimated prevalence of the disease is 2 to 3 per 100,000 people.
Symptoms of ALS
The symptoms of ALS vary from person to person, but typically involve muscle weakness and wasting, twitching, loss of coordination, difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty breathing. In some cases, people with ALS may also experience changes in thinking and behavior, as well as pain.
Causes of ALS
The exact cause of ALS is not known, but it is believed to be related to genetic and environmental factors. Some research has suggested that certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of developing the disease, while environmental exposures, such as toxins and certain types of viruses, may also play a part.
Diagnosis and Treatment of ALS
ALS is typically diagnosed through a physical exam, laboratory tests, and imaging tests. Treatment for the disease is largely focused on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Medications, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy are all common treatment options.