Outer ear infections, also known as otitis externa, are a common condition affecting the outer ear. It is usually caused by bacteria or fungi and can be very painful. Symptoms include itching, redness, and discharge. The infection usually resolves within a few days with proper treatment, however, it can last for several weeks or even months in some cases.
Causes of Outer Ear Infections
Outer ear infections are caused by a variety of factors, including water exposure, bacterial or fungal infections, skin conditions, and improper cleaning. The most common cause is swimming in unclean water, which can leave behind bacteria and fungi that can cause infection. Other causes include ear wax buildup, skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis, and use of cotton swabs or other objects to clean the ear canal.
Symptoms of Outer Ear Infections
The most common symptom of an outer ear infection is intense itching and redness in the affected area. Other symptoms include pain, swelling, discharge of pus, and hearing loss. In some cases, the infection can spread to the inner ear, leading to more severe symptoms such as dizziness, fever, and nausea.
Treatment for Outer Ear Infections
Treatment for outer ear infections typically involves using antibiotics or antifungal medications. In some cases, a steroid cream may also be used to reduce inflammation and itching. In more severe cases, the infection may require surgical removal. In most cases, the infection will clear up within a few days to a few weeks. However, if the infection is not properly treated, it can last for months or even longer.
Prevention of Outer Ear Infections
The best way to prevent an outer ear infection is to keep the ear clean and dry. After swimming, it is important to dry the ears thoroughly with a towel. Cotton swabs should not be used to clean the ears, as this can push bacteria and debris deeper into the ear canal. If a skin condition such as eczema or psoriasis is present, it should be treated as soon as possible to prevent an infection.