Actinic keratosis (AK) is a skin condition caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. AKs are areas of thick, scaly skin that may be precancerous. When left untreated, actinic keratoses may become squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a type of skin cancer.
Risk Factors for AK to Become Cancer
The risk of an AK becoming cancerous increases with age. People over the age of 40 are more likely to develop SCC from AK than younger people. Other risk factors for an AK becoming cancerous include fair skin, past skin cancer, a weakened immune system, and a history of UV radiation exposure.
Diagnosis of AKs
AKs can be diagnosed by a doctor through a physical examination of the skin. The doctor may use a magnifying glass to look for any signs of AKs and will recommend a biopsy if needed. During a biopsy, a small sample of skin is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if the AK is cancerous or not.
Treatment of AKs
Treatment for AKs depends on the size, location, and number of lesions. Treatment options may include topical creams, cryotherapy, laser therapy, and surgery. Treatment options may be used alone or in combination. The goal of treatment is to remove or destroy the affected skin cells before they become cancerous.
How Long Does it Take for AK to Become Cancer?
It is difficult to predict how long it takes for an AK to become cancerous. Some AKs may remain noncancerous for many years, while others may become cancerous within months of diagnosis. It is important to monitor AKs and seek medical treatment if they become larger, more numerous, or change in color. This is the best way to prevent AKs from becoming cancerous.