Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible lung disease that affects an estimated 135,000 Americans, according to the American Lung Association. It is characterized by scarring of the lungs that affects breathing and can eventually cause death. The average life expectancy for people with IPF is 2 to 5 years. However, some people may live much longer with this condition.
What Causes IPF?
The cause of IPF is still unknown, although there are several theories. Some believe it is caused by genetic or environmental factors, while others suggest it is caused by an autoimmune reaction. There is no known cure for IPF, but treatment can help slow the progression of the disease.
What Are the Symptoms of IPF?
The main symptom of IPF is a dry, persistent cough. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, and weight loss. In some cases, the disease may progress quickly and cause severe breathing problems.
How Is IPF Diagnosed?
The diagnosis of IPF is based on a combination of tests, including a physical exam, chest X-ray, CT scan, and pulmonary function tests. A biopsy of lung tissue may also be done to confirm the diagnosis.
What Are the Treatment Options for IPF?
There is no cure for IPF, but there are treatments available to help slow the progression of the disease. These treatments include medications to reduce inflammation, oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and avoiding exposure to air pollutants.
Can IPF Be Prevented?
Unfortunately, there is no known way to prevent IPF. However, some lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk of developing the condition. These include avoiding smoking, avoiding air pollutants, and getting regular exercise.