Typical development refers to a pattern of growth and change in children that is considered “normal” or “standard” for their age. It includes physical, cognitive, social, and emotional growth. Atypical development, on the other hand, is any pattern of growth and change that deviates from the typical range of development, either in the pace or sequence of development or in the overall level of functioning.
Physical development in typical development follows a predictable order, such as sitting up, crawling, and walking. Atypical development could include physical delays or impairments, such as difficulty walking or talking, or medical conditions that prevent or hinder development.
Cognitive development is the ability to think, reason, understand, and remember. Typical development in this area includes the acquisition of language, problem solving skills, and memory. Atypical development could include cognitive delays, learning disabilities, and other issues that impair cognitive functioning.
Social development includes the ability to interact with others and form relationships. Typical development includes the ability to build relationships, take turns, and respond to social cues. Atypical development in this area could include difficulties with social interaction, communication, or understanding of social cues.
Emotional development involves the ability to recognize and regulate emotions. Typical development includes the ability to identify and express feelings, as well as the ability to manage emotions. Atypical development in this area could include difficulty understanding and expressing emotions, as well as difficulty regulating emotions.
In summary, typical development is the expected pattern of physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development in children, while atypical development deviates from this pattern in some way. Atypical development can include physical delays or impairments, cognitive delays or learning disabilities, social difficulties, and problems with emotional regulation.