Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder that develops when the body's own immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. It is the most common form of diabetes in children and young adults.
What Causes Type 1 Diabetes?
The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown, but it is believed to be an inherited genetic disorder that is triggered by environmental factors. Research suggests that certain viruses, such as the mumps virus, may play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes. Other possible causes may include exposure to certain toxins, such as pesticides, or a diet high in processed foods.
Who is at Risk for Developing Type 1 Diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes can develop at any age, but it is most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults. It is more common among whites than other races, and men are slightly more likely to develop it than women. Those with a family history of type 1 diabetes are also at increased risk of developing the condition.
What are the Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes?
The most common symptoms of type 1 diabetes include increased thirst and urination, fatigue, weight loss, and blurred vision. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. If left untreated, type 1 diabetes can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.
How is Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosed?
Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed using a combination of blood tests. These tests measure levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood, as well as antibodies that indicate the presence of autoimmunity. Additional tests may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
How is Type 1 Diabetes Treated?
The primary treatment for type 1 diabetes is insulin therapy. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body use glucose for energy. It can be taken as injections, pills, or inhaled. Additional treatments may include lifestyle changes to help manage blood sugar levels, such as eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly.