Nasal and sinus cancer is typically diagnosed through a process that includes a physical examination, imaging tests, and tissue biopsies.
The initial step in diagnosing nasal and sinus cancer is a physical examination by a medical professional. During this examination, a doctor will look for any physical signs of the disease such as lumps or masses in the nose and sinus cavities, as well as assess the patient’s overall health. The doctor may also use a tool called an endoscope to take a closer look inside the nose and sinuses.
Imaging tests are also used to help diagnose nasal and sinus cancer. These tests include computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and positron emission tomography (PET) scans. These scans create detailed images of the area inside the nose and sinuses to look for any abnormal growths or tumors.
If abnormal growths or tumors are found, doctors may perform a tissue biopsy to confirm a diagnosis of nasal and sinus cancer. During this procedure, a sample of tissue is removed from the affected area and examined under a microscope. The results of the biopsy can help the doctor determine the type of cancer and the best course of treatment.
In some cases, additional diagnostic tests may be needed to diagnose nasal and sinus cancer. These tests may include chest X-rays, blood tests, and bone scans.
By using a combination of physical examinations, imaging tests, and tissue biopsies, doctors can accurately diagnose nasal and sinus cancer and develop the most effective treatment plan for the patient.