Hemolytic anemia and regular anemia are both types of anemia, a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. While the two types of anemia have similar symptoms, they are caused by different problems and require different treatments.
Causes of Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic anemia is caused by the destruction of red blood cells. This can be caused by a number of things, including autoimmune disorders, infections, medications, and inherited disorders. In autoimmune disorders, the body's own immune system attacks healthy red blood cells, causing them to be destroyed. Infections, such as malaria, can cause red blood cells to be destroyed, as can certain medications, such as antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In inherited disorders, such as sickle cell anemia, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are easily destroyed.
Causes of Regular Anemia
Regular anemia is caused by a lack of red blood cells, rather than their destruction. This can be caused by a number of things, including an inadequate diet, chronic diseases, blood loss, and certain medications. People who do not get enough iron, folate, or vitamin B12 in their diets can develop anemia. Chronic diseases, such as kidney disease, can also cause anemia by interfering with the body's ability to produce healthy red blood cells. Blood loss, due to surgery or trauma, can also lead to anemia. Certain medications, such as chemotherapy drugs, can also interfere with the body's ability to make healthy red blood cells.
Symptoms of Hemolytic and Regular Anemia
The symptoms of hemolytic and regular anemia are similar and can include fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, and weakness. People with anemia may also feel lightheaded or dizzy.
Diagnosis
Hemolytic and regular anemia can both be diagnosed with a complete blood count (CBC). The CBC will measure the levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in the blood. It can also measure the size and shape of the red blood cells.
Treatment
The treatment for hemolytic and regular anemia depends on the underlying cause. Hemolytic anemia may require medications to suppress the immune system, or to treat the underlying infection or condition. Regular anemia may require medications to increase red blood cell production, or to treat the underlying condition. A diet rich in iron, folate, and vitamin B12 can also be beneficial. In some cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary.