Autoimmune gastritis is a condition in which the body's immune system attacks and damages the cells of the stomach lining. It can cause a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty digesting food. Diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis begins with a physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history. The doctor may then order tests to confirm the diagnosis.
The most common tests used to diagnose autoimmune gastritis are endoscopy, biopsy, and blood tests. Endoscopy is an imaging test in which a thin tube with a camera on the end is inserted through the patient’s mouth and into the stomach. The doctor can then examine the stomach lining for any signs of damage or inflammation.
Biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the stomach lining and examined under a microscope. This test can detect any abnormalities in the cells that may be indicative of autoimmune gastritis.
In addition, a blood test can be used to measure the levels of certain antibodies that are produced by the body in response to autoimmune gastritis. These antibodies, known as Anti-Parietal Cell antibodies, can be measured in a laboratory to detect autoimmune gastritis.
If autoimmune gastritis is suspected, the doctor may also order further tests to rule out other possible causes of the patient’s symptoms. These tests may include an abdominal ultrasound, X-rays, or other imaging tests.
Once autoimmune gastritis has been diagnosed, the doctor will recommend treatment options to help manage the condition. Treatment may involve medications to reduce inflammation, antibiotics to treat any associated infections, or changes in diet or lifestyle. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove any damaged tissue.