Aspergillosis is an infection caused by a type of fungi called Aspergillus. It can cause a variety of symptoms, including fever, coughing, and chest pain. In severe cases, it can be life-threatening.
Fortunately, aspergillosis can be treated with antifungal medications. The type of medication prescribed will depend on the severity of the infection and the patient’s overall health.
Antifungal Medications for Aspergillosis
The most common antifungal medications used to treat aspergillosis are azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins.
Azoles are a group of antifungal medications that work by inhibiting the growth of fungi. They are often used to treat mild to moderate cases of aspergillosis. Examples of azoles include itraconazole and voriconazole.
Polyenes are another type of antifungal medication. They work by weakening the cell walls of the fungi, preventing it from growing. Examples of polyenes include amphotericin B and nystatin.
Echinocandins are a newer type of antifungal medication. They work by inhibiting the production of certain proteins that the fungi needs to survive. Examples of echinocandins include caspofungin and micafungin.
Other Treatment Options for Aspergillosis
In addition to taking antifungal medications, patients may need to take other medications to help manage their symptoms. Patients may also need to undergo surgery to remove any infected tissue.
In some cases, a doctor may recommend a lung transplant if the infection is severe and not responding to medications.
Preventing Aspergillosis
The best way to prevent aspergillosis is to avoid contact with the fungi that cause it. This means avoiding areas that may be contaminated with Aspergillus, such as old buildings, compost piles, or other areas with high concentrations of mold or dust. People with weakened immune systems or lung diseases are at an increased risk of developing aspergillosis and should take extra precautions to avoid contact with the fungi.