A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. Vaccines are made by using a weakened or killed form of the germ that causes a particular disease. When a person is vaccinated, their body is stimulated to produce antibodies to that disease, which helps protect them from future infection.
In order to produce a vaccine, scientists must grow large quantities of the virus or bacteria that causes the disease. Depending on the type of vaccine being produced, the virus or bacteria may be altered in some way, such as by weakening it, or killing it. This altered virus or bacteria is then combined with other ingredients, such as preservatives, adjuvants, and stabilizers, to form the vaccine.
Once the vaccine has been produced, it is tested for safety and efficacy. It is also tested to ensure that it produces the desired immune response in the body. If the vaccine meets all safety and efficacy standards, it is then sent to manufacturing plants where it is packaged and distributed to healthcare providers.
When a person is vaccinated, their body produces antibodies that can help protect them from future infection. The antibodies are specific to the virus or bacteria that was used to make the vaccine, so they are not effective against other viruses or bacteria.
In summary, a vaccine is produced by growing large quantities of the virus or bacteria that causes the disease, altering it in some way, and then combining it with other ingredients to form the vaccine. The vaccine is then tested for safety and efficacy and, if approved, is sent to manufacturing plants where it is packaged and distributed to healthcare providers. When a person is vaccinated, their body produces antibodies that can help protect them from future infection with that particular virus or bacteria.