Diagnosis
A renal cyst is usually identified during a routine imaging test, such as an ultrasound or CT scan. The doctor will be able to determine the size, shape, and location of the cyst. If the cyst is causing symptoms, the doctor may also perform a biopsy to rule out other causes.
Treatment
The primary treatment for a renal cyst is usually observation, as most cysts are harmless. However, if the cyst is causing symptoms or is at risk of becoming cancerous, the doctor may recommend treatment. Treatment options include:
Drainage: A procedure called cyst aspiration may be used to drain a cyst that is causing symptoms. During this procedure, a needle is inserted into the cyst and the fluid is removed.
Surgery: Surgery may be required if the cyst is large or difficult to drain. The surgeon can use a laparoscope to remove the cyst and any surrounding tissue.
Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to reduce the size of a cyst or to prevent it from growing.
Prevention
Most renal cysts cannot be prevented, as they are usually due to a genetic disorder or an underlying medical condition. However, there are some steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of developing a cyst:
Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of developing cysts.
Eat a balanced diet: Eating a diet that is low in fat and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help prevent cysts from forming.
Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing a cyst.