ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) is a progressive neurological disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. It is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease after the famous baseball player who had the condition. The rate of decline in ALS varies from person to person. Some people may experience a rapid decline, while others may experience a slower decline over a longer period of time.
Symptoms of ALS
ALS is characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy, difficulty speaking and swallowing, and eventual paralysis. It is a progressive disease, meaning that the symptoms gradually worsen over time. Common early symptoms of ALS include muscle weakness, twitching, cramping, and stiffness. As the disease progresses, people may experience difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty breathing. Eventually, the muscles in the limbs and face will become paralyzed, leading to complete immobility.
Risk Factors for ALS
It is not known exactly why some people develop ALS, but there are several risk factors that can increase a person's chance of developing the disease. These include age, gender, and genetics. People over the age of 60 have a higher risk of developing ALS, as do men. Additionally, people with a family history of ALS may be more likely to develop the disease.
Diagnosis and Treatment of ALS
ALS is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical and neurological exams, as well as laboratory and imaging tests. There is currently no cure for ALS, but there are a number of treatments available to help slow the progression of the disease. These treatments include medications, physical therapy, and speech therapy.
Prognosis for ALS
The prognosis for ALS varies from person to person, but it is typically a fatal disease. The average life expectancy for someone with ALS is two to five years after diagnosis. However, some people may live for longer periods of time, and some may experience longer periods of remission.