Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, ranging from manic highs to depressive lows. People with bipolar disorder experience alternating periods of intense energy and activity (known as manic episodes) followed by periods of extreme sadness, low energy, and difficulty concentrating (known as depressive episodes).
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder can cause a range of symptoms that vary in severity. During manic episodes, people may feel a strong sense of euphoria, have racing thoughts, feel excessively energized, and be more talkative than usual. They may also engage in risky behaviors, such as spending sprees, excessive gambling, and promiscuous sex. During depressive episodes, people may experience intense sadness, hopelessness, insomnia, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. They may also have suicidal thoughts or attempt suicide.
Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is usually diagnosed by a mental health professional after assessing a person's symptoms and medical history. The doctor may ask questions about the person's family history of mental health conditions and any recent lifestyle changes that may have contributed to the symptoms. They may also use psychological tests to help diagnose the condition.
Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
Treatment for bipolar disorder typically involves medications and psychotherapy. Medications are often used to stabilize moods and reduce extreme symptoms. Commonly prescribed medications include mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants. Psychotherapy may be used to help people with bipolar disorder understand triggers for their symptoms and develop coping strategies. It can also be used to help build relationships with family and friends.
