Sinus cancer, or sinonasal cancer, is a rare form of cancer that begins in the sinuses. It is usually a slow-growing cancer that can spread to other parts of the body, such as the brain and lungs.
The exact cause of sinus cancer is unknown, but some risk factors have been identified. These include smoking, exposure to certain chemicals, and a history of chronic sinus infections. People with certain genetic conditions, such as Gardner Syndrome, are also at an increased risk of developing the disease.
The most common type of sinus cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, which begins in the thin, flat cells that line the sinuses. It can form in any of the four sinuses, and can spread to other parts of the body. Other types of sinus cancer include adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and melanoma.
Symptoms of sinus cancer can vary depending on the type of cancer and how far it has spread. Common symptoms include a stuffy or blocked nose, bleeding from the nose, a persistent sinus infection, headaches, facial swelling, and vision changes.
If you believe you may be at risk for sinus cancer, it's important to talk to your doctor. He or she can perform tests to determine if you have the disease and can provide you with the best treatment options. Treatment typically includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.