Symptoms of Cancer
Cancer is a disease that can affect any part of the body. As a result, the signs and symptoms of cancer can vary depending on the type of cancer and where it is located in the body. Common signs and symptoms of cancer may include:
Lumps or masses: A lump or mass is the most common sign of cancer. It may be found during a routine physical exam or imaging test.
Unexplained weight loss: Unexplained weight loss can be a sign of cancer, especially if it is accompanied by other symptoms.
Fatigue: Fatigue is a common symptom of cancer and can be caused by the cancer itself or treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation.
Pain: Pain can be a sign of cancer, especially if it is persistent and does not go away.
Changes in skin appearance: Changes in skin appearance, such as a new mole or a change in the size, shape, or color of an existing mole, can be a sign of skin cancer.
Fever: A fever that does not go away may be a sign of cancer, especially if it is accompanied by other symptoms.
Changes in bowel or bladder habits: Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea, or changes in bladder habits, such as an increase in frequency or urgency, can be a sign of cancer.
Coughing or hoarseness: A persistent cough or hoarseness that does not go away can be a sign of lung cancer.
Diagnosis of Cancer
If cancer is suspected, a doctor will typically order tests to confirm the diagnosis. Common tests used to diagnose cancer include:
Imaging tests: Imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs, can be used to look for tumors or other signs of cancer.
Biopsy: A biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of tissue is taken from the body and examined for cancer cells.
Blood tests: Blood tests can be used to look for abnormal levels of certain substances that are produced by cancer cells.
Endoscopy: An endoscopy is a procedure in which a doctor uses a special instrument to look inside the body for signs of cancer.