Immune hemolytic anemia (IHA) is a condition in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys healthy red blood cells, causing anemia. Treatment for IHA depends on the severity of the condition and may include medications, blood transfusions, or other therapies.
Medications
Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids are a type of medication that can be used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. These drugs are commonly used to treat IHA and may include prednisone, methylprednisolone, and dexamethasone.
Immunosuppressants: Immunosuppressants are medications that suppress the immune system, thus preventing it from attacking healthy red blood cells. Examples of immunosuppressants used to treat IHA include azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and mycophenolate mofetil.
Blood Transfusions
Blood transfusions are often used to treat IHA. During a blood transfusion, healthy red blood cells are transferred from a donor to the patient. This can help improve the patient's hemoglobin levels and red blood cell count.
Other Therapies
Splenectomy: In some cases, a splenectomy (surgical removal of the spleen) may be recommended. The spleen is an organ that plays a role in the destruction of red blood cells. By removing the spleen, the destruction of healthy red blood cells can be prevented.
Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG): IVIG is a therapy that involves the use of antibodies to suppress the immune system. IVIG is often used to treat IHA and can help reduce the destruction of healthy red blood cells.