Immune hemolytic anemia (IHA) is a type of anemia caused by an autoimmune disorder. It occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy red blood cells, leading to their destruction. Symptoms of IHA include fatigue, shortness of breath, jaundice, and pale skin.
Diagnosing Immune Hemolytic Anemia
The diagnosis of immune hemolytic anemia is typically made through a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging tests, and other tests.
Physical Examination: During a physical examination, your doctor will ask you questions about your symptoms and conduct a physical exam, including taking your vital signs.
Laboratory Tests: Laboratory tests are used to measure the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and other substances in the blood. These tests may also be used to look for antibodies that indicate IHA.
Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as X-rays and ultrasounds may be used to look for abnormalities in the spleen and other organs.
Other Tests: In some cases, your doctor may recommend a bone marrow biopsy to look for abnormalities in the bone marrow.
Treatment for Immune Hemolytic Anemia
Treatment for IHA depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Treatment may include medications, such as corticosteroids, to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. Other treatments may include blood transfusions, splenectomy, and chemotherapy.