Ataxia is a neurological disorder that affects motor skills, coordination, and balance. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including congenital diseases, head trauma, stroke, and other neurological diseases. To diagnose ataxia, a doctor will often use a combination of physical and neurological tests.
The first step in testing for ataxia is a physical exam. The doctor will examine a person’s gait, posture, coordination, and balance, as well as checking for any signs of weakness. The doctor may also test the person’s reflexes and muscle strength.
The doctor may also order additional tests, such as a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, or Electroencephalogram (EEG). These scans will help the doctor look for any structural problems in the brain or evidence of stroke, brain tumors, or other neurological conditions.
The doctor may also administer a variety of neurological tests, such as the finger-to-nose test or heel-shin test, to assess the patient’s coordination and balance. The doctor may also give the patient tests such as the Romberg test, which measures the patient’s ability to stand with their feet together and eyes closed without falling.
The doctor may also ask a patient to perform certain mental tasks, such as counting backward or reciting the alphabet, to evaluate their cognitive ability.
In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for any underlying medical conditions that may be causing ataxia, such as liver or kidney disease.
Ataxia can be difficult to diagnose since its symptoms can be similar to those of other neurological disorders. It is important to get a thorough physical and neurological exam, as well as any recommended tests, to properly diagnose ataxia.