Testing for adenovirus can be done in several ways. The most common tests used are a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, a cell culture test, or an antibody test.
A PCR test is the most accurate way to detect the presence of the adenovirus. This test uses a sample of blood, saliva, or other body fluid that is then tested in a laboratory to look for the presence of viral DNA. The sample is then amplified using a special process to identify the viral DNA, and results are usually available within 48 hours.
A cell culture test is a less accurate but faster test used to detect adenovirus. A sample of blood, urine, or other body fluid is taken and tested in a laboratory to look for the presence of the virus. Results of this test are usually available within a day.
Finally, an antibody test may be used to detect adenovirus. This test looks at the presence of antibodies, which are proteins produced by the body in response to infection. Results of this test are usually available within a few days.
Overall, the most reliable way to test for adenovirus is with a PCR test. However, a cell culture test is often used for faster results, and an antibody test may be used if the infection is suspected but not yet confirmed.