Atypical pneumonia is an infectious lung condition that is typically caused by bacteria or viruses. It typically presents with a milder form of symptoms than that of typical bacterial pneumonia, making it more difficult to diagnose. Symptoms of atypical pneumonia can include a low-grade fever, dry cough, fatigue, chills, and shortness of breath. Other symptoms can include chest pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
In order to suspect atypical pneumonia, a physician will typically perform a physical examination and order imaging tests such as chest X-rays or a CT scan. The X-ray or CT scan can help the physician determine if there is an infection in the lungs. A blood test may also be ordered to check for certain markers related to atypical pneumonia.
In addition, the physician may take a sample of sputum, which is a sample of mucus and saliva that is coughed up from the lungs. This sample can then be tested for bacteria or viruses. A sputum culture can also be taken to identify the exact type of bacteria or virus that is causing the infection.
If the physician suspects atypical pneumonia, they will likely prescribe an antibiotic to help fight the infection. In some cases, antiviral medications may be necessary as well. Depending on the type of atypical pneumonia, the course of treatment may include both antibiotics and antivirals.
Finally, the patient may be asked to make lifestyle changes to help reduce the risk of further infection and to strengthen the immune system. This may include getting plenty of rest, eating a healthy diet, and taking part in regular physical activity.