Diagnosis of Hemolytic Anemia
Diagnosis of hemolytic anemia is based on a combination of clinical signs, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. The first step in diagnosing hemolytic anemia is to take a complete medical history and perform a physical exam. During the physical exam, the doctor may look for signs of jaundice, an enlarged spleen, and other physical signs of hemolytic anemia.
Laboratory Tests
Laboratory tests are used to confirm a diagnosis of hemolytic anemia. Blood tests can show low levels of red blood cells, low levels of hemoglobin, and an increased number of immature red blood cells in the bloodstream. A process called reticulocyte count can also help diagnose hemolytic anemia. This test measures the number of newly formed red blood cells in the blood.
Imaging Studies
Imaging studies such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans may be used to look for an underlying cause of hemolytic anemia. For example, an ultrasound can be used to look for an enlarged spleen in cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Treatment of Hemolytic Anemia
Treatment for hemolytic anemia depends on the underlying cause of the condition. Treatments may include medications to reduce inflammation, reduce red blood cell destruction, or increase red blood cell production. In some cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary to replace lost red blood cells. In severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be recommended.