Chiari malformation is a neurological disorder that happens when the lower part of the brain, known as the cerebellum, descends into the spinal canal. This can cause a variety of neurological symptoms, including headaches, balance issues, and difficulty swallowing. To rule out Chiari malformation, a doctor will typically order imaging tests such as an MRI or CT scan. These tests will provide detailed images of the brain and spine, allowing the doctor to see if the cerebellum is in the correct location. Additionally, the doctor may order a lumbar puncture, also known as a spinal tap, to measure the pressure in the brain. Abnormal pressure may indicate the presence of a Chiari malformation.
If the imaging tests and lumbar puncture do not provide enough information, the doctor may order additional tests to further assess the issue. These tests may include an EEG (electroencephalogram), a blood test to measure the levels of certain proteins, or a nerve conduction velocity test. Depending on the results of these tests, the doctor may refer the patient to a neurosurgeon for more specialized evaluation or treatment.
In conclusion, ruling out a Chiari malformation typically involves imaging tests such as an MRI or CT scan and a lumbar puncture to measure pressure in the brain. If the results of these tests are not conclusive, the doctor may order additional tests such as an EEG, blood work, or a nerve conduction velocity test. If necessary, the patient may be referred to a neurosurgeon for further evaluation and treatment.