Hemolytic anemia is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced. Symptoms of hemolytic anemia can vary from mild to severe and may include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pale skin, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), dark urine, and an enlarged spleen.
Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia
The most common signs and symptoms of hemolytic anemia include:
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Paleness
• Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
• Dark urine
• Enlarged spleen
• Cold hands and feet
• Chest pain
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Rapid heart rate
• Abdominal pain
• Rapid breathing
Diagnosis of Hemolytic Anemia
If you have signs and symptoms of hemolytic anemia, your doctor may perform a physical exam and order blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. These tests may include a complete blood count (CBC), a reticulocyte count, a blood smear, a direct antiglobulin test (DAT), and a Coombs test. Your doctor may also order other tests, such as a chest X-ray or an echocardiogram, to rule out other causes of your symptoms.
Treatment of Hemolytic Anemia
Treatment for hemolytic anemia depends on the underlying cause. Treatment may include medications to control symptoms, such as pain relievers, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. Your doctor may also recommend blood transfusions or other treatments to replace lost red blood cells. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove the spleen if it is enlarged.