Symptoms of Allergies
One of the first signs that someone may be suffering from allergies is a runny nose, sneezing, and itchy eyes. If this continues for more than a few days, it is important to consult with a doctor to rule out other conditions such as a cold or the flu. Other common symptoms of allergies include:
Nasal congestion: This is when the nasal passages become blocked or clogged due to inflammation.
Wheezing: This is a whistling sound that can be heard when someone is breathing due to narrowing of the airways.
Coughing: This is an attempt to clear the airways of mucus or other irritants.
Skin rash: This is when the skin becomes red, itchy, and irritated.
Shortness of breath: This is when the airways become narrowed due to inflammation, making it difficult to breathe.
Diagnosing Allergies
The diagnosis of allergies is usually done through a combination of physical exams, medical history, and allergy skin tests. During the physical exam, the doctor will look for signs of allergies such as a rash or swollen eyes. The doctor may also ask questions about the patient's symptoms and medical history to determine if allergies may be the cause.
Allergy skin tests involve applying a small amount of an allergen to the skin and then monitoring the skin's reaction. If the skin becomes red, itchy, or irritated, it is a sign that the person is allergic to the allergen.
Treating Allergies
Treatment for allergies can vary depending on the type and severity of the allergy. The most common type of treatment is avoiding the allergen or minimizing exposure to it. For example, if someone is allergic to dust mites, they may need to use air filters and special bedding.
In some cases, medications such as antihistamines may be used to reduce symptoms. Allergy shots, which contain small amounts of allergens, may also be used to desensitize the body to the allergen.
