Symptoms of Viral and Bacterial Bronchitis
Viral and bacterial bronchitis have very similar symptoms. Coughing, chest pain and tightness, shortness of breath, and mucus production are the main symptoms of both conditions. However, there are some differences.
Viral Bronchitis is usually accompanied by other symptoms such as a sore throat, runny nose, fever, and body aches. It often starts suddenly and can last for several weeks. The cough can be dry or produce mucus.
Bacterial Bronchitis is usually more severe and can cause a high fever, chills, chest pain, and a productive cough (producing mucus). It often develops after a viral infection, but can also occur on its own.
Diagnosis of Viral and Bacterial Bronchitis
The diagnosis of viral and bacterial bronchitis is typically based on a physical exam, medical history, and laboratory tests. Your doctor may order a chest X-ray to check for signs of infection and to rule out other conditions.
Blood tests may be done to look for the presence of certain antibodies and to determine if the immune system is functioning properly. A sputum sample may be collected to check for bacterial infection. A bronchoscopy may also be done to check for signs of infection in the lungs.
Treatment of Viral and Bacterial Bronchitis
The treatment for viral and bacterial bronchitis will depend on the type of infection and the severity of symptoms.
Viral Bronchitis is usually treated with rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen to reduce fever and pain. Antibiotics are not typically used to treat viral bronchitis because they are not effective.
Bacterial Bronchitis is usually treated with antibiotics. The type of antibiotic and duration of treatment will depend on the type of bacteria causing the infection. Your doctor may also recommend over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen to reduce fever and pain.