Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by a type of bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. It can be contracted by contact with the spores of the bacteria, which can be found in soil, animal products, and certain plants. Humans usually contract anthrax by coming into contact with an infected animal or by inhaling the bacteria. Anthrax can also be spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Risk Factors for Contracting Anthrax
The most common way to contract anthrax is by contact with an infected animal or animal product, such as wool, hides, or meat. People who work with animals, such as veterinarians, farmers, and butchers, are at an increased risk of contracting the disease.
Signs and Symptoms of Anthrax
The symptoms of anthrax depend on the type and severity of infection. Inhalation anthrax, the most dangerous form of the disease, usually starts with a mild fever and dry cough. Other symptoms can include chest pain, shortness of breath, and a bluish discoloration of the skin. If untreated, inhalation anthrax can lead to respiratory failure and death.
Treatment for Anthrax
Anthrax is treated with antibiotics, such as penicillin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary. Vaccines are available to prevent anthrax, but are typically only recommended for people at high risk of infection, such as veterinarians and people who work with animals.