In order to confirm acute cholecystitis, a physician will need to conduct a thorough physical examination. This physical examination may include an abdominal exam, blood tests, imaging studies, and other laboratory tests.
First and foremost, the physician will conduct a thorough physical exam of the abdomen, paying close attention to any tenderness, swelling, or rigidity. This physical exam may also include palpation of the gallbladder to assess for any tenderness or enlargement.
The physician may also order a series of blood tests to assess for any inflammation that may be present. These tests may include a complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests, and an amylase and lipase test. Additionally, imaging tests such as an ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may be ordered to assess for any gallstones or other abnormalities in the gallbladder.
The physician may also order other laboratory tests such as a urinalysis to further assess for any infection or inflammation. Additionally, a stool sample may be collected to assess for any presence of blood or fat in the stool, which can be a sign of gallbladder inflammation.
Finally, the physician may order an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to assess for any blockages or abnormalities of the bile ducts. This procedure involves the insertion of a flexible tube into the mouth, through the stomach, and into the intestine in order to examine the bile ducts.
Through these tests and evaluations, a physician can accurately diagnose acute cholecystitis and begin treatment for the condition.