Cervical cancer can be detected in several ways, including Pap smears, HPV tests, and colposcopies.
A Pap smear is a routine screening test conducted during a gynecological exam. It involves collecting cells from the cervix with a small brush or spatula, which are then examined under a microscope for signs of abnormal cells. Women should start getting Pap smears at age 21, and should have them performed every three years until age 30, and every five years after that.
HPV tests are performed in conjunction with Pap smears. It is used to detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a risk factor for cervical cancer. The HPV test involves collecting cells from the cervix with a small brush or spatula, and then examining them for the presence of the virus.
A colposcopy is a procedure used to examine the cervix for signs of cancer. During the procedure, a doctor will use a magnifying instrument to view the cervix and take a biopsy if any abnormal areas are seen.
It is important for women to have regular screenings for cervical cancer, as early detection can lead to better treatment outcomes. In addition, women should also practice safe sex, get screened for HPV, and get the HPV vaccine to reduce their risk of developing cervical cancer.