Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is an inflammation of the nasal passages caused by an allergic reaction to pollen, dust, or other allergens in the air. Diagnosing allergic rhinitis can be difficult, as the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions. However, there are a few tests that can help to confirm a diagnosis.
Physical Exam
During a physical exam, your doctor will look for signs of inflammation in the nasal passages, such as redness, swelling, or discharge. They may also look for swelling in the eyes or skin. Your doctor may also ask about your symptoms, such as how long they have been occurring and how severe they are.
Allergy Tests
Allergy tests can help to determine what specific allergens are causing your symptoms. There are two types of allergy tests: skin tests and blood tests. Skin tests involve placing a small amount of an allergen on the skin and observing the reaction. Blood tests measure the levels of antibodies in the blood that are produced in response to certain allergens.
Imaging Tests
Imaging tests can help to determine if there is any physical damage to the nasal passages due to allergic rhinitis. These tests may include X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs.
Nasal Smear
A nasal smear is a test that involves taking a sample of mucus from the nasal passages and examining it under a microscope. This can help to identify any bacteria or allergens that may be causing the symptoms.
Conclusion
Diagnosing allergic rhinitis can be difficult, as the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions. However, there are a few tests that can help to confirm a diagnosis. These tests include physical exams, allergy tests, imaging tests, and nasal smears. Your doctor may also ask about your symptoms to help make a diagnosis.