Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra chromosome. It affects physical and intellectual development. It is usually diagnosed before birth, but some signs may not be apparent until later in childhood. If you suspect your child may have Down syndrome, it is important to seek a diagnosis from a doctor or specialist.
Signs and Symptoms of Down Syndrome
Down syndrome is characterized by certain physical features, such as:
• Low muscle tone
• A small head and flat face
• Short neck
• Upward slanting eyes
• Poor coordination
• Small hands and feet
• Delayed physical development
• Speech and language delays
• Cognitive delays
Diagnosing Down Syndrome
If you suspect your child may have Down syndrome, the first step is to visit your doctor. Your doctor may refer you to a specialist for further testing.
The specialist may order a chromosome test, such as a karyotype or FISH test. These tests look at the chromosomes in a sample of your child’s cells and can help diagnose Down syndrome.
Other tests used to diagnose Down syndrome include ultrasound, amniocentesis, and blood tests.
Treatment for Down Syndrome
There is no cure for Down syndrome, but early intervention services can help your child reach their full potential. These services may include physical, occupational, and speech therapy.
Your doctor may refer you to other specialists, such as a geneticist or neurologist, to help manage any associated medical conditions.
Living with Down Syndrome
Down syndrome is a lifelong condition, but most people with Down syndrome are able to live full, meaningful lives. With the help of early intervention services, your child can reach their potential. It is important to stay informed and connect with other families who have a child with Down syndrome.