Autoimmune diseases are illnesses that occur when the body's systems that normally protect us from infection instead attack the body's own healthy cells and tissues. Autoimmune diseases can affect many different body systems, including the joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart, and lungs.
Signs and Symptoms of Autoimmune Disease
The symptoms of autoimmune diseases vary depending on the affected body system. Common signs and symptoms include:
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Skin rashes or lesions
• Swelling and pain in the joints
• Unexplained weight loss
• Muscle aches and weakness
• Shortness of breath
• Abnormal blood test results
Diagnosing Autoimmune Disease
Autoimmune diseases can be difficult to diagnose because their symptoms can be vague or mimic other conditions. Some autoimmune diseases can be difficult to diagnose because they have overlapping symptoms with other conditions.
Your doctor may perform a physical exam, blood tests, and/or imaging tests to help diagnose autoimmune diseases. Your doctor may also refer you to a specialist, such as a rheumatologist or an immunologist, for further testing and diagnosis.
Treating Autoimmune Disease
The goal of treatment for autoimmune diseases is to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system to slow down the attack on the body's healthy cells and tissues. Treatment may include medications, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologic drugs, as well as lifestyle changes, such as exercise, diet, and stress management.
Your doctor will develop a treatment plan based on your specific diagnosis, the severity of symptoms, and your overall health.