Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a cancer of the lymphatic system that is not as common in children as it is in adults. It is estimated that only about 1,000 to 2,000 cases of NHL are diagnosed in children each year in the United States. NHL in children is most commonly diagnosed between the ages of five and nine. It is the fourth most common childhood cancer after leukemia, brain tumors, and lymphomas.
Types of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children
There are several different types of NHL that can affect children. The most common type of NHL in children is B-cell lymphoma, which is the same type of NHL seen in adults. Other types of NHL that can affect children include T-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children
The exact cause of NHL in children is unknown, but there are some risk factors that may increase a child's risk of developing the disease. These risk factors include a family history of NHL, immunodeficiency disorders, HIV or AIDS, and certain genetic conditions.
Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children
The symptoms of NHL in children can vary depending on the type and severity of the disease. Common symptoms include swollen lymph nodes, abdominal pain, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and weight loss.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children
NHL in children is typically diagnosed with a physical exam, blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy. Treatment for NHL in children typically involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or stem cell transplantation.
Outlook for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children
The prognosis for children with NHL depends on a variety of factors, including the type and stage of the disease, as well as the response to treatment. With advances in treatment, the overall survival rate for children with NHL has increased significantly in recent years.