Lymphoma in 5 Year Olds: Overview
Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system. Although lymphoma is more common in adults, it can occur in children of any age, including those as young as five years old. Lymphoma is not typically the most common cancer in this age group, as other types of cancer, such as leukemia, are more likely to occur.
Incidence of Lymphoma in 5 Year Olds
The incidence of lymphoma in 5 year olds is relatively low. According to the American Cancer Society, the estimated rate of new cases of lymphoma among children aged 0 to 14 years in 2020 was 3.4 per 100,000. This rate was lower than the estimated rates for leukemia (6.2 per 100,000) and for brain and other nervous system tumors (7.4 per 100,000).
Types of Lymphoma in 5 Year Olds
The most common type of lymphoma in 5 year olds is B-cell lymphoma, which can include Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and lymphoblastic lymphoma. The second most common type is T-cell lymphoma, which includes both adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).
Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphoma in 5 Year Olds
If a 5 year old is suspected of having lymphoma, the doctor will likely order a series of tests to confirm the diagnosis. These tests may include imaging tests, such as an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI, as well as blood tests. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment will depend on the type and stage of the lymphoma. Treatment typically includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or immunotherapy. In some cases, surgery may be recommended.
Outlook for Lymphoma in 5 Year Olds
The outlook for 5 year olds with lymphoma depends on the type and stage of the cancer. Overall, the prognosis for children with lymphoma is good, with the majority of children surviving the disease. The 5-year survival rate for children with B-cell lymphoma is estimated to be between 70-80%, while the 5-year survival rate for children with T-cell lymphoma is estimated to be between 40-50%.