Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood-forming tissues, such as the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. It is the most common type of cancer in children, accounting for about 30% of all childhood cancers. Although there are many types of leukemia, the most common types in children are acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Symptoms of Leukemia in Children
The symptoms of leukemia in children can vary depending on the type of leukemia and the stage of the disease. Common symptoms include fatigue, pale skin, fever, joint and bone pain, easy bruising and bleeding, swollen lymph nodes, and an enlarged spleen or liver.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Leukemia is usually diagnosed through a combination of physical exams, blood tests, and imaging tests. If leukemia is suspected, a bone marrow biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for leukemia in children may involve chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or stem cell transplant.
Outlook for Children with Leukemia
The outlook for children with leukemia has improved significantly in recent years. With advances in treatments, the 5-year survival rate for children with leukemia is now more than 80%. However, the outlook varies depending on the type and stage of leukemia, and some types are more difficult to treat than others.