Anthrax in War
Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It can be used as a biological weapon. Historically, anthrax has been used in warfare since antiquity. During the American Civil War, Union forces reportedly used anthrax-infected animals to spread the disease among Confederate troops. In World War I, Germany is believed to have used anthrax-infected animals to spread the disease among British, French, and Russian forces. In World War II, Japan is believed to have used anthrax-infected animals to spread the disease among Chinese forces. In the early 2000s, the United States reportedly used anthrax-infected animals in the Iraq War.
Bacillus anthracis is the bacterium that causes anthrax. It can survive in soil for long periods of time and is highly infectious. When inhaled, it can cause severe respiratory distress and, in some cases, death. When ingested, it can cause severe gastrointestinal distress and, in some cases, death. When it comes into contact with skin, it can cause severe skin lesions, as well as systemic infection.