Does Autism Have a Genetic Component That Is Passed Down Through Generations of a Family?
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological and developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. It is estimated that 1 in 59 children in the United States is affected by autism. There is growing evidence that the cause of autism is genetic, and that it can be passed down through generations of a family.
Genetics
Research has found that some people with autism have changes in their genetic makeup, such as changes in the number of copies of certain genes. These changes can be inherited from a parent or be a spontaneous change in the person’s DNA. Some of the genetic changes that have been linked to autism involve genes that regulate how brain cells communicate and interact.
Other research suggests that the combination of many genes, each with a small effect, may be responsible for autism. Some of these genes influence the development of the nervous system and how the brain processes information. It is also possible that environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins or viruses, may play a role in some cases of autism.
Family History
Having a family history of autism increases the risk of developing autism. If a parent has autism, their child has an increased risk of having autism as well. In some cases, a person may have a genetic mutation that increases their risk of having autism.
In addition, if a person has a sibling or a cousin with autism, they have an increased risk of developing the disorder. A person’s risk of developing autism increases if multiple members of their family have the disorder.
Diagnosis
It is important to note that autism can be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms can vary from person to person. A diagnosis of autism is made through a combination of behavioral evaluations, physical exams, and genetic testing. A doctor may also order tests to rule out other conditions that may be causing a person’s symptoms.
If a genetic component is suspected, a genetic counselor can help to explain the risks and benefits of genetic testing. A genetic counselor can also help to interpret the results of the test and explain how the results may affect a person’s health and the health of their family.
Conclusion
There is strong evidence that autism has a genetic component that is passed down through generations of a family. Research has found that some people with autism have changes in their genetic makeup, and that certain genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing autism. In addition, a family history of autism increases the risk of developing the disorder. A diagnosis of autism is made through a combination of behavioral evaluations, physical exams, and genetic testing.