Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a heart condition that can cause a range of symptoms, from fatigue to chest pain. It occurs when the heart's two upper chambers, the atria, contract in an irregular pattern. As a result, the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
What Causes Atrial Fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation is caused by electrical problems in the heart. These electrical problems can be caused by a variety of conditions, including high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, heart valve disorders, certain medications, and stress.
How Does AF Damage the Heart?
When the atria contract in an irregular pattern, blood can pool in the heart and form clots. If these clots travel to the brain, they can cause a stroke. Additionally, AF can cause the left atrium to enlarge, which is known as atrial enlargement. This can lead to heart failure, as the heart is unable to pump blood effectively. AF can also lead to an increased risk of arrhythmias, or abnormal heart rhythms.
How Is AF Treated?
Treatment for AF depends on the underlying cause, as well as the severity of the condition. Medication is often used to control the heart rate and rhythm. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damage to the heart. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise may help reduce the risk of AF.
Atrial fibrillation can cause serious health problems if left untreated. It is important to speak to a doctor if you experience any of the symptoms of AF. With prompt treatment, the risk of serious complications can be reduced.