Adie's pupil, also known as Adie pupil or tonic pupil, is a rare condition that affects the pupil of the eye. It is characterized by a slow or incomplete reaction to light and a lack of constriction in response to near vision. In some cases, the pupil may dilate and remain dilated for a few minutes or even hours. The pupil may also come and go, appearing normal at one moment and then becoming dilated in the next.
The cause of Adie's pupil is still unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a lesion of the postganglionic sympathetic fibers that innervate the pupil. This may be due to an autoimmune response, viral infection, or trauma. In some cases, it may be idiopathic, meaning there is no known cause.
Adie's pupil is diagnosed through a physical examination of the eye. The doctor will use a bright light to assess the pupil's response to light, as well as to assess the size and shape of the pupil. The doctor may also use a tonometer to measure the pressure inside the eye.
Treatment for Adie's pupil is typically not necessary, as the condition is usually not associated with any other serious eye conditions. However, if the pupil does not respond to light or near vision, the doctor may prescribe eye drops or other medications to help constrict the pupil. In rare cases, surgery may be necessary.
Adie's pupil can be a troublesome condition, but it is usually not serious. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most people who have Adie's pupil can go on to live normal lives.