Acromegaly is a rare disorder in which the body produces too much growth hormone, leading to an enlargement of certain body parts, such as the hands, feet, and face. While the condition can be managed with a combination of medical treatments, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery, it can have serious health consequences if left untreated, including an increased risk of premature death.
The most common cause of early death from acromegaly is cardiovascular disease, which is caused by an overproduction of growth hormone. This overproduction leads to an increase in the size of the heart and its chambers, resulting in heart failure. It can also cause an increase in blood pressure and cholesterol levels. These changes can lead to an increased risk of stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular complications.
Other causes of early death in acromegaly include cancer, diabetes, respiratory problems, and kidney failure. In some cases, the overproduction of growth hormone can lead to the formation of tumors on the pituitary gland, which can be cancerous. In addition, acromegaly can lead to insulin resistance, which increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Respiratory problems can occur due to the enlargement of the airway, while kidney failure can be caused by the accumulation of fluids in the body due to increased levels of growth hormone.
Early diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly can help reduce the risk of early death from the condition. Treatment typically includes medications to reduce the production of growth hormone, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery. By controlling the condition, the risk of early death from acromegaly can be significantly reduced.