Does Water Enter the Lungs When Drowning?
Drowning is the leading cause of death from accidental injury in children younger than 5 in the United States. It is also a major cause of accidental death in adults. When a person drowns, it is often assumed that their lungs fill with water. But does this actually happen?
Hypoxia is the medical term for a lack of oxygen to the body's tissues. When a person drowns, hypoxia occurs regardless of whether water enters the lungs or not. This is because the person is unable to take in oxygen due to being submerged and their inability to breathe.
Aspiration is a term used to describe when water, or other fluids, enter the lungs. In some cases of drowning, aspiration does occur. This is usually due to the person being submerged for a long period of time and the water pressure forcing water into their lungs.
Pulmonary edema is a condition where fluid accumulates in the lungs due to increased pressure. This is a common complication of drowning and can cause severe breathing difficulties. The fluid can be water, blood, or both.
In summary, while the lungs may fill with water during a drowning incident, it is not always the case. Hypoxia is the main cause of death in drowning incidents, regardless of whether water enters the lungs or not. Aspiration is possible, as is pulmonary edema, but these complications are not always present.