Military Anthrax Vaccine
The military has taken steps to protect its personnel from the threat of anthrax, a serious and potentially fatal disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. In the United States, military personnel have been vaccinated against anthrax since 1998, when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of a licensed anthrax vaccine. The vaccine is made up of a suspension of killed anthrax bacteria, and is given as a series of six injections over 18 months, followed by annual boosters.
Mandatory Vaccination
The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has made the anthrax vaccination a mandatory requirement for all military personnel, and it is administered by military medical personnel. The DoD has also implemented a system for tracking the vaccine doses for each individual, known as the Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program (AVIP). The AVIP also monitors the safety of the vaccine and provides support and education to military personnel about the vaccine.
Side Effects
The anthrax vaccine is generally safe and effective, although some individuals may experience mild side effects such as pain or swelling at the injection site, headaches, muscle aches, or fatigue. Severe reactions are rare, but may include a serious allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis. The DoD has established a system for monitoring and reporting any adverse events associated with the vaccine.
Controversy
The mandatory anthrax vaccination policy has been the subject of controversy in recent years, with some military personnel raising concerns about the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. In 2003, the DoD established a Vaccine Health Care Program to assist any military personnel who believe they have experienced an adverse health event due to the vaccine. The program provides medical evaluations, treatment, and compensation for any eligible individuals.